There are a vast number of different tropical fish tanks and aquarium equipment to choose from for which can be daunting even for someone that may have kept fish before. Many people think that it would be a good idea to start with a very small tank but this is not always the best way to start. Small tanks require constant maintenance and the water condition can be difficult to keep to a good standard to keep fish healthy, in addition they can be easily overstocked. Therefore, a medium to large tank that is at least 60 centimetres long by 30 centimetres wide is a good size to aim for.
The next decision is shape as the fish tanks designs available. You can choose from: round, rectangular, corner and even wall tanks and can be made of either plastic or glass. Glass is often the best choice as it tends to be harder to scratch when cleaning.
Many aquariums also come with a stand or cabinet which is a good idea as they need to be positioned on a solid and level surface because a fish tank full of water is extremely heavy. For this reason it is a good idea to plan where you are going to place the tank carefully as they are very difficult to move once full of water.
Your tropical fish tank should be positioned in a peaceful position, away from draughts and sources of heat such as radiators and windows, or too much human activity and near an electrical socket for powering the equipment.
Beginners may find that buying a complete starter kit works well as it will come with all the equipment necessary to set up the aquarium saving the trouble of working out the right size filter or heater is required to suit the tank you are buying. Many suppliers offer a fish tank with heater, filter, pump and lighting included. Some even come with offers of plants and fish too.
Once you have your aquarium you can place an attractive substrate such as sand or gravel on the bottom. Any ornaments or plants are best positioned when there is a little bit of water in the tank but not when it is full. The equipment should also be fitted at this stage. Once you are happy everything is in place you can then fill it with water. Tap water is fine but it may need a water treatment or chemicals to ensure it is of the required ph and nitrate levels before adding fish. This can be tested using a water test kit.
Once full, it is important to be patient and wait 2-3 weeks after filling your fish tank to make sure the water has cycled and is safe for the fish. This gives time for the aquarium filters to build up the necessary bacteria to keep the water in good condition. You can also make sure the heater and other equipment is working well.
Once you are ready to stock the tank with fish it is a good idea to introduce a couple at a time to check the water is safe and build up the ecosystem gradually. As a guide approximately 1 inch of fish can be kept for each gallon of water in a tropical fish tank. The quantity should be calculated using the maximum size the fish are known to grow to. Introduce a few fish at a time and err on the conservative side of the maximum number calculation as over stocking can be a major cause of problems in a fish tank.
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